January 23, 2002—Hypothermia can occur when land temperatures are above freezing or water temperatures are below 98.6 F or 37 C (normal body temperature). Cold-related illnesses can slowly overcome a person who has been chilled by low temperatures, brisk winds or wet clothing. Danger signs include uncontrolled shivering, slurred speech, clumsy movements, fatigue and confused behavior. If these signs are observed, call for emergency help.
How to Protect Workers:
- Recognize the environmental and workplace conditions that lead to potential cold-induced illnesses and injuries.
- Learn the signs and symptoms of cold-induced illnesses/injuries and what to do to help workers.
- Train workers about cold-induced illnesses and injuries.
- Encourage workers to wear proper clothing for cold, wet and windy conditions.
- Be sure that workers take frequent short breaks in warm dry shelters to allow the body to warm up.
- Try to schedule work for the warmest part of the day.
- Avoid exhaustion or fatigue because energy is needed to keep muscles warm.
- Use the buddy system—work in pairs so that one worker can recognize danger signs.
- Drink warm, sweet beverages and avoid drinks with caffeine or alcohol.
- Eat warm, high-calorie foods.
